| Philosophers Stan on the Three Fundamentals of Faith [7] |
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| Written by abdul baqi | |
| Sunday, 08 October 2006 | |
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We have talked about the three fundamentals of happiness in this world and the world hereafter: believing in tawheed, messengers, and the day of reckoning. These fundamentals are absent from the model and wisdom of logicians and philosophers. They do not advocate the worship of Allah alone, and abandoning the worship of other creatures. Rather all forms of shirk in this world happened because of opinions similar to them. All such opinion were based on the existence of a hidden power within the spirits and bodies, and the creation of omen and statues and worshipping such spirits will prevent evil and fetch good to them. So these logicians and philosophers are the promoters of shirk and doers of shirk. Those who do not promote shirk does not prevent it. Rather they stay neutral.The head among them ordain shirk, and call the planets the minor gods, and worship them with various rituals. Same is the case in Islam, they do not abstain others from shirk, and not obligate on others the tawheed, rather they obligate shirk and promote it, or they do not necessitate tawheed on their followers. I have seen among their authored books on worshipping of planets and angels and separated souls –like spirits of Prophets – which are the roots of shirk. If they claim tawheed, then their tawheed in only verbal, and does not imply anything in action. The tawheed with was brought by messengers necessitates sincere worshipping of Allah without any form of shirk. These philosophers does not know these fundamentals. The tawheed these philosophers promote results in belying the real meanings of the names and attributes of Allah. And that contains kufr and deviation which are the main causes of shirk. If they were adherent to tawheed in their talk and speech – through attributing to Allah what His messengers attributes- then they would have tawheed without deeds, which is not enough for salvation and happiness. With verbal tawheen, one needs to prove that through worshipping Allah alone without associating any deity besides him, and this is the meaning of the “La Ilaha Ill Allah”. How that they are deniers and beliers of tawheed in speech and talk?! As for believing in Messengers, the first teacher (Aristotle) has no definite known position on this matter. As for those who entered in of these divine religions, they believed in some of the characters of prophets and belied the rest. As for believing in the day of judgment, then the best among them who thinks that the spirits are resurrected and not the bodies. Among them who deny the resurrection of both. Some believes in the return of the good knowledgeable spirits not the ignorant souls. These three opinions are attributed to their second teacher Abu Nasr al-Farabi. They are so confused in this matter which manifests that they were unsuccessful to reach the truth. They have lead so many among their followers to astray. If they does not possess the fundamentals of what causes the happiness and salvation, then whatever they promote in terms of morals and deeds and politics is what Allah says: يَعْلَمُونَ ظَاهِرًا مِّنَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ عَنِ الْآخِرَةِ هُمْ غَافِلُونَ (7) They know only the outside appearance of the life of the world, and they are heedless of the Hereafter. [ar-Rum] As for what they mention about the physical sciences, then whatever they found correctly are for the worldly benefits only. However, concerning “divine knowledge” they have nothing that will cause salvation and happiness, rather the majority of what they have is not certain to them. Their elder confessed that there is no way to reach to a certain knowledge in divinity. They only give statements in these topics with a probability, so they have only doubts and not certainty as Allah says: وَمَا لَهُم بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا الظَّنَّ وَإِنَّ الظَّنَّ لَا يُغْنِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ شَيْئًا (28) They follow but a guess, and verily, guess is no substitute for the truth [an-Najm: 28] This is why they always differ in opinion with the messengers. Once a scholar was asked about the distinction between Prophets and Philosophers, he replied “the red sword”, meaning that those who enter into philosophy and wants to discuss the matters that the messengers discuss then he uses sophistication in a way and any reason and wisdom would reject, and that is what “Ikhwan as Safa” (Brethren of Purity) did. It is the same door which lead the Qarametah and Bateniaah astray. In summary, their elders created this science (Logic) to measure the validity of their discussion, which are of little benefit, and most of it’s benefit is for worldly matters. Even in worldly matters, many of it can be lived without. As to use this science to measure and verify any science which is outside their domain, or to measure the means which leads to eternal happiness, then this science falls short of that, and Allah has set a measure for all things. These people have a certain level of intelligence and sharpness, and they have morals and abstinence, but these alone will not cause happiness and salvation from the torment, except only when adhere to the fundamentals: faith and believe in the oneness of Allah and sincerely worshipping Him alone, and the believe in the day of judgment and believe in the messengers and doing righteous deeds. Source: Fatawa of Ibn Taymiyyah, vol 9. pages 34-38               
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