Here I would like to put the theistic view of surviving death and the life hereafter as Islam puts it, and other monotheistic religion would have something similar..
When a person dies, and is buried, then everything dissolves except his/her tail bone which acts like the seed from which he will grow again on the day of resurrection. However, this person's soul does not vanish and is kept under reward or punishment throughout the transient life in the grave.
On the day of resurrection, "white" water will pour from heaven for contineous 40 days, and this water will cause the human to grow again (from tailbone) and raise from graves (the new body grown from old tailbone + the old soul) and march forward to judgement..
I am not going to discuss the coherence and integrity of this theistic view, but I would think that it solves lots of philosophical issues, especially when it claims that: 1) the soul remains 2) that a small part of the body (tailbone) also remains...
Objections…
Interesting, Abdul. What happens to people who have had their tailbone removed during their life? Or to those who are cremated?
Or those of whom no tailbone remains because it is destroyed in an accident or explosion. Or whose tailbone decays to dust over the centuries.
Why the tailbone? Why not the collarbone or some other bone?
Who on earth put forward this idea? Why is it believed in Islam?
Answer…
These might be difficult questions. There are many issues which remain mysterious to us. The fact they are mysterious, or we do not know their answer yet, does not necessarily mean that they are false. A person in pre-telephone era would consider talking to people thousands of miles away as mysterious, which is not mysterious to us anymore. in the similar ways many issues related to the life inside grave, the resurrection, the heaven or hell, the angels, etc all these remains mysterious, because we can prove it by the science and technology available to us, but that does not form a ground to reject these things..
As for how we came to know about them? One of the properties of God we have been discussing is the revelation. He revealed these information to his prophets, and the prophets told to the public.
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Indeed, We have sent down for you (O mankind) a Book, (the Qur'ân) in which there is your reminder (and Honor). Will you not then understand? [Quran al-Anbiay (21):10]
Philo-Hikmah Vs Philosophy